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The Permanence and Care of Color Photographs: Traditional and Digital Color Prints, Color Negatives, Slides, and Motion Pictures

by Henry Wilhelm
with
contributing author Carol Brower

The Permanence and Care of Color Photographs: Traditional and Digital Color Prints, Color Negatives, Slides, and Motion Pictures by Henry Wilhelm with contributing author Carol Brower was the world's first - and is still the only - book on the often controversial subject of preserving our fading color photographic heritage. Fully illustrated, more than 740 pages in length, and over 20 years in the making, the book discusses the permanence (and the impermanence!) of color photographs. Hundreds of color print, color negative, slide, and color motion picture materials are evaluated under controlled conditions and ranked according to their image stability. The book dramatically shows that some color print and film materials last far longer than others.
ISBN 0-911515-00-3

• "With 20 years of intensive research behind it . . . The Permanence and Care of Color Photographs reads more like an encyclopedia than a general textbook on the care of color photographs. It is not just about color photography. This book is really the definitive reference book on the preservation of 20th-century photographic materials, and it tells an intriguing story. It does not flinch from identifying the aging characteristics of specific brand names, and in doing so, Wilhelm has helped the photographic community set higher standards for image permanence. This book is also important because it will greatly serve future historians as they examine the transitional years from the dominance of photography based on silver halide chemistry to the emergence and eventual succession of digital electronic imaging."
— Mark H. McCormick-Goodhart - Smithsonian Institution
(Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, Spring 1996)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

About the Cover
About the Authors
Introduction: Looking Toward the Future
Acknowledgments

Chapter 1
Traditional and Digital Color Prints, Color Negatives, and Color Slides: Which Products Last Longest?
The Hidden Problem: Simply Looking at a Beautiful Color Photograph Provides Absolutely No Indication of How Long It Will Retain Its Original Brilliance - Whether Exposed to Light on Display or Stored in the Dark
Pages 1 - 60
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Chapter 2
Accelerated Tests for Measuring Light Fading, Dark Fading, and Yellowish Stain Formation in Color Prints and Films
Pages 61 - 100
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Chapter 3
Light Fading Stability of Displayed Color Prints
Light-Induced Cracking of RC Papers: Is It Still a Problem with Color Prints?
Pages 101 - 144
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Chapter 4
The Effects of Print Lacquers, Plastic Laminates, 3M Photogard, and UV-Absorbing Plastic Filters
The Myth of UV Protection for Ektacolor, Fujicolor, and Similar Color Prints
Pages 145 - 162
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Chapter 5
Dark Fading and Yellowish Staining of Color Prints, Transparencies, and Negatives
Pages 163 - 210
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Chapter 6
Projector-Caused Fading of 35mm Color Slides
Fujichrome Films Have the Longest Life When Projected
Pages 211 -238
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Chapter 7
Monitoring the Long-Term Fading and Staining of Color Photographs in Museum and Archive Collections
Similar Procedures Can Be Employed with Black and-White Prints
Pages 239 - 266
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Chapter 8
Color Print Fading and the Professional Portrait and Wedding Photographer - What to Do About Troubling Situation
Fujicolor SFA3 Papers Are by Far the Longest Lasting Color Negative Papers Available
Pages 267 - 298
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Chapter 9
The Permanent Preservation of Color Motion Pictures
Low-Temperature, Humidity-Controlled Storage of Original Camera Negatives, Color Reversal Originals, Laboratory Intermediates, and Release Prints Is the Only Viable Way to Keep Color Motion Pictures Unchanged for Many Hundreds or Even Thousands of Years
Pages 299 - 344
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Chapter 10
The Extraordinarily Stable Technicolor Dye-Imbibition Motion Picture Color Print Process (1932-1978)
Pages 345 - 366
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Chapter 11
Print Mounting Adhesives and Techniques, Tapes, Rubber Stamps, Pencils, Inks, and Spotting Methods for Color and B&W Prints
Pages 367 - 392
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Chapter 12
The Handling, Presentation, and Conservation
Matting of Photographs
Pages 393 - 450
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Chapter 13
Composition, pH, Testing, and Light Fading Stability of Mount Boards and Other Paper Products Used with Photographs
By Carol Brower and Henry Wilhelm
Pages 451 - 484
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Chapter 14
Envelopes and Sleeves for Films and Prints
Pages 485 - 509
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Chapter 15
Framing Materials, Storage Boxes, Portfolio Cases, Albums, Cabinets, and Shelves
Pages 509 - 538
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Chapter 16
The Storage Environment for Photographs: Relative Humidity, Temperature, Air Pollution, Dust, and the Prevention of Fungus
Pages 539 - 574
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Chapter 17
Display and Illumination of Color and Black and-White Prints
The Alarming Light-Induced Image Discoloration and Base Cracking of B&W RC Prints on Long-Term Display
Pages 575 - 624
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Chapter 18
Handling and Preservation of Color Slide Collections
Selection of Films, Slide Mounts, Slide Pages, and Individual Slide Sleeves
Pages 625 - 354
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Chapter 19
Frost-Free Refrigerators for Storing Color and Black-and-White Films and Prints
Appendix 19.1: Freezer Storage for Permanent Preservation of Cellulose Nitrate Still-Camera Negatives and Motion Pictures
Pages 655 - 686
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Chapter 20
Large-Scale, Humidity-Controlled Cold Storage Facilities for the Permanent Preservation of B&W and Color Films, Prints, and Motion Pictures
Index
Pages 687 - 744
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Download the entire 757-page book (79.2 Mb)